One may not do any of the 39 categories of forbidden work on Shabbat. (See http://www.answers.com/topic/39-categories-of-activity-prohibited-on-shabbat for a list.)
One also has to ensure that ones animals are not doing forbidden work.
Since the laws of Shabbat are numerous, complicated and are applicable every week, one should be sure to study them thoroughly and review them often.
Asking a non-Jew to do work for a Jew on Shabbat is forbidden by Rabbinic decree.
Saving lives takes precedence over Shabbat observance.
Shabbat is one of the bonds between Hashem and the Jewish people, and one who purposely transgresses the Shabbat publicly has the status of a non-Jew (for being counted in a Minyan or a Mezuman, touching wine, being a witness, etc.)
Applies to everybody, everywhere, every Shabbat.
Pasuk: Do not do any work (4th of the Ten Commandments, Shmot 20:10)
Source: The Chafetz-Chaim's Sefer haMitzvot haKatzar; Negative Mitzvah 6
- Danny
Monday, 2nd day Rosh Chodesh Marcheshvan 5770
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